The Tokyo government plans to introduce a four-day workweek for its employees in an attempt to support young families and boost record-low fertility rates nationwide.
Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike announced that starting in April, employees of the metropolitan government will have the option to take three days off each week.
“We will review work styles … with flexibility, ensuring no one has to give up their career due to life events such as childbirth or child care,” she said in a policy speech at the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly’s fourth regular session.
The new policy is designed to encourage Japanese couples to have children at a time when the country’s fertility rate is at a record low. Last year, it dipped to a mere 1.2 children expected per woman during her lifetime, even with the government’s increased efforts to motivate young people to start families, according to the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. That number should be at least 2.1 for a population to remain stable.
Koike announced an additional policy allowing parents with children in elementary schools to trade off a bit of their salaries for the option to clock out early.
“Now is the time for Tokyo to take the initiative to protect and enhance the lives, livelihoods and economy of our people during these challenging times for the nation,” she said.
Only 727,277 births were recorded in Japan last year, according to the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry. That may be in part because of Japan’s overtime work culture, which often pressures women to choose between having careers or families. The gender gap in the country’s labor force participation is higher than in other high-income nations, at 55% for women and 72% for men last year, according to the World Bank.
However, implementing a four-day workweek may provide government employees with more time to dedicate to raising their families.
In a 2022 series of global trials coordinated by 4 Day Week Global, a nonprofit organization, various companies took part in a four-day workweek pilot program.
More than 9 out of 10 employees who participated in the trials wanted to continue with the four-day workweek. They reported that it gave them improved physical and mental health and work-life balance and increased general life satisfaction. Measures of their stress, burnout, fatigue and work-family conflict all declined. Those participants rated their experience 9.1 out of 10.
Another Asian country put a shortened work week to the test this year.
Singapore introduced new guidelines requiring all firms to consider employee requests for flexible working arrangements, including four-day workweeks or staggered hours.